Grain and oil product testing

There are many methods for testing grain and oil products, including sensory testing, physical and chemical index testing, nutritional component testing, harmful substance testing, and quality index testing. The following is a detailed summary of these testing methods:

1. Sensory testing method
The sensory testing method is to evaluate the appearance, smell, and taste of grain and oil through human vision, smell, taste, and other senses. This is the most basic project in grain and oil product testing and the most intuitive feeling for consumers. Although this method is highly subjective, it can quickly detect some obvious quality problems.

2. Physical and chemical index testing
Physical and chemical index testing is to detect various components and properties of grain and oil through chemical and physical methods, including but not limited to:

Water content: Testing the moisture content in grain and oil helps to understand the dryness of the product and avoid moisture or mildew.

Ash content: By burning grain and oil samples at high temperatures and measuring the weight of the remaining material, it reflects the content of inorganic substances in grain and oil.

Acid value and peroxide value: reflect the freshness and oxidation degree of oil in grain and oil. The higher the acid value and peroxide value, the higher the oxidation degree of oil and oil, and the worse the quality.
Phospholipid content: phospholipids are an important component of grains and oils. By testing the phospholipid content, we can understand the quality and nutritional value of grains and oils.
3. Nutritional component testing
Nutrient component testing is to test the nutrients such as protein, fat, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals, etc. in grains and oils. These tests help to understand the nutritional value of grain and oil products and whether they meet national standards.

4. Harmful substance testing
Harmful substance testing is an important part of grain and oil product testing, mainly including:

Pesticide residues: Detect whether there are pesticide residues in grain and oil to ensure that the products meet food safety standards.
Heavy metals: Such as lead, mercury, cadmium, etc. These heavy metals are harmful to the human body. Through testing, we can ensure that the heavy metal content in grain and oil products is within a safe range.
Aflatoxin: Aflatoxin is a strong carcinogen. Through testing, we can ensure that grain and oil products do not contain this harmful substance.
Pathogenic bacteria: Detect whether grain and oil products contain pathogenic bacteria such as Salmonella and Escherichia coli to ensure the hygiene and safety of the products.
5. Quality index detection
Quality index detection mainly detects the acid value, peroxide value, iodine value, saponification value, etc. of grain and oil. These indicators can reflect the quality of grain and oil and whether there are problems such as oxidation and rancidity.

6. Advanced detection technology and instruments
With the development of science and technology, many advanced technologies and instruments have also been used in the detection of grain and oil products, such as:

High-performance liquid chromatography: used to detect vitamins, pigments, pesticide residues, etc. in grain and oil.
Gas chromatograph: used to detect fatty acid composition, volatile components, residual solvents, etc. in grain and oil.
Atomic absorption spectrometer: used to detect heavy metal content in grain and oil.
Spectrophotometer: used to detect pigments, phospholipids, peroxide value, etc. in grain and oil.
Nuclear magnetic resonance instrument: used to detect hydrogen spectrum, carbon spectrum, etc. in grain and oil, which helps to understand the composition and structure of grain and oil products.
PCR instrument: used to detect microorganisms and genetic materials in grain and oil to ensure the biological safety of products.
VII. Examples of detection methods
Raman spectroscopy: A spectral analysis technology developed based on the scattering effect, which has the characteristics of non-contact, non-destructive, and high detection sensitivity, and can be used to determine the composition of grains and oil products.
Spectral recombination technology: In the long-term testing of edible oils and lubricants, the spectrum is recovered by diluting the sample and then recombining the spectrum to recover the spectrum, which is used to detect the content of trans fatty acids in grains and oil products.
In summary, there are many methods for testing grain and oil products, including sensory testing, physical and chemical index testing, nutritional component testing, harmful substance testing, and quality index testing. At the same time, with the development of science and technology, many advanced technologies and instruments have been used in grain and oil product testing to improve the accuracy and reliability of detection.